Returns an array of cells for the differenced time series (i.e. $(1-L^S)^D)$.
Syntax
DIFF(X, Order, K, D)
- X
- is the univariate time series data (a one dimensional array of cells (e.g. rows or columns)).
- Order
- is the time order in the data series (i.e. the first data point's corresponding date (earliest date=1 (default), latest date=0)).
Order Description 1 ascending (the first data point corresponds to the earliest date) (default) 0 descending (the first data point corresponds to the latest date) - K
- is the seasonal difference order (e.g. K=0 (no lag), S=1 (1st lag), etc.) If missing, the default value of one is assumed.
- D
- is the number of repeated differencing (e.g. d=0 (none), d=1 (difference once), 2= (difference twice), etc.). If missing, the default value of one is assumed.
Remarks
- The DIFF operator is defined as follow :
$$Y_t=\left(1-L^k\right)^d X_t$$
Where:
- $\left[y_t\right]$ is the difference time series.
- $\left[x_t\right]$ is the input time series.
- $L$ is the lag operator.
- $k$ is the seasonality length.
- $d$ is the difference order.
- The size of the output differenced time series is equal to the input time series, but with the first $s \times d$ observations are set to missing (i.e. #N/A).
- The seasonal difference order (i.e. k) must be non-negative and smaller than the time series size (i.e. T).
$0 \leq k \leq T-1 $ - The input time series is homogenous and equally spaced.
- The time series may include missing values (e.g. #N/A) at either end.
Examples
Example 1:
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Files Examples
Related Links
References
- D. S.G. Pollock; Handbook of Time Series Analysis, Signal Processing, and Dynamics; Academic Press; Har/Cdr edition(Nov 17, 1999), ISBN: 125609906
- James Douglas Hamilton; Time Series Analysis; Princeton University Press; 1st edition(Jan 11, 1994), ISBN: 691042896
- Tsay, Ruey S.; Analysis of Financial Time Series; John Wiley & SONS; 2nd edition(Aug 30, 2005), ISBN: 0-471-690740
- Box, Jenkins and Reisel; Time Series Analysis: Forecasting and Control; John Wiley & SONS.; 4th edition(Jun 30, 2008), ISBN: 470272848
- Walter Enders; Applied Econometric Time Series; Wiley; 4th edition(Nov 03, 2014), ISBN: 1118808568
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